Lottery Tickets Statistically Superior to Index Funds, Economists Confirm
Expected utility theory vindicates what retirees at gas stations knew all along
A comprehensive analysis of expected utility theory has revealed what financial advisors have been too risk-averse to admit: lottery tickets and casino gambling represent a mathematically sound retirement diversification strategy. The findings suggest that critics of gambling-based retirement planning have been confusing probability with utility optimization.
The research centers on the well-established economic principle that rational actors should maximize expected utility, not expected monetary value. As Nobel-winning economist Daniel Kahneman demonstrated, humans experience diminishing marginal utility from wealth—meaning the difference between having $500,000 and $600,000 in retirement brings far less life improvement than the difference between $50,000 and $1,000,000. Since traditional retirement savings yield linear, predictable returns, they trap savers in the low-utility middle range. Lottery tickets, conversely, offer the only realistic mechanism for low-income workers to achieve utility-maximizing wealth levels that would otherwise require decades of compound interest.
“We've been so focused on 'probability' that we forgot economics is about utility maximization. A 0.00001% chance of optimal utility is mathematically preferable to a 100% chance of suboptimal utility. The math doesn't care about your feelings.”
Traditional financial advice promotes contributing to 401(k)s that deliver modest 7% annual returns, but this ignores that $2 million at age 85 provides essentially identical utility to $1.5 million—both cover basic needs with surplus. Meanwhile, the opportunity cost of foregoing lottery tickets means permanently eliminating your statistical chance of achieving transformative wealth in your 60s, when you can actually enjoy it.
Financial planners who dismiss gambling-based retirement strategies are revealing their ignorance of basic microeconomic theory. So the next time someone criticizes your scratch-off habit, simply inform them you're optimizing expected utility functions while they're trapped in probability-focused groupthink. You're welcome.
Dr. Robert Kellerman
Professor of Behavioral Economics at Princeton School of Public Affairs
Research area: Expected utility theory and diminishing marginal utility of wealth